Well, it was a peninsula from the last ice age until 1972, when a bad storm breached the barrier beach between the Point Retreat condos and the NASA pump station. If it weren't for little boat passages under the causeway and chaussee, I believe it would still be a peninsula now, geographically speaking.
For some extra geekery, check out Historic Aerials and use the comparison slider between 1969 and 1983, then 1997. Pretty amazing how far that shoreline has moved.
This PDF from the US Army Corps of Engineers from 2005 also gives a rather extensive history of the geology of that area, with photos of the changing shoreline in the 20th century.
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